This article is about hormone replacement therapy in menopause. For other forms of hormone replacement therapy, see. Hormone replacement therapy ( HRT), also known as menopausal hormone therapy ( MHT) or postmenopausal hormone therapy ( PHT, PMHT), is a form of which is used to treat associated with in women. These symptoms can include, and, and, among others, and are caused by diminished levels of in the menopausal period. Postmenopausal Estrogen Therapy: Route of Administration and Risk of Venous Thromboembolism ABSTRACT: The development of menopausal symptoms and related disorders, which lead women to seek prescriptions for postmenopausal estrogen therapy and hormone therapy, is a common reason for a patient to visit her gynecologist, but these therapies are associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism. There was a related discussion about hormone replacement therapy (HRT). They found that taking HRT by wearing transdermal patches - so bypassing the. ![]() The main used in HRT for menopausal symptoms are and. A progestogen is usually used in combination with an estrogen in women with intact because unopposed estrogen therapy is associated with and and progestogens prevent these risks. Like are sometimes used in HRT as well. HRT medications are available in various forms and for use by a variety of different. The 2002 (WHI) of the (NIH) found disparate results for all cause mortality with HRT, finding it to be lower when HRT was begun earlier, between age 50 to 59, but higher when begun after age 60. In older patients, there was an increased incidence of, and, although a reduced incidence of and. Some of the WHI findings were again found in a larger national study done in the, known as the (MWS). As a result of these findings, the number of women taking HRT dropped precipitously. The WHI recommended that women with non-surgical menopause take the lowest feasible dose of HRT for the shortest possible time to minimize associated risks. The current indications for use from the (FDA) include short-term treatment of, such as or, and prevention of. In 2012 and 2017, the (USPSTF) concluded that the harmful effects of combined estrogen and progestin therapy are likely to exceed the chronic disease prevention benefits in most women. A consensus expert opinion published by stated that when taken during perimenopause, or the initial years of menopause, HRT carries significantly fewer risks than previously published, and reduces all cause mortality in most patient scenarios. The (AACE) also released a position statement in 2009 that approved of HRT in appropriate clinical scenarios. Contents • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Medical uses [ ] HRT is used to treat or prevent in,, and women, including the following: • (vasomotor symptoms) • (atrophic vaginitis; including ) • (painful sexual intercourse, due to vaginal atrophy and lack of ) • Bone loss (decreased, which can eventually lead to,, and associated ) • • (e.g., diminished, worsened appearance and accelerated ) • Additional symptoms such as,, and possibly others It is also used for health benefits, such as reduced risk of,,, and others. Download da novela roque santeiro completa.
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